Which of the following is a serious complication of depression?

The identification of suicide as a serious complication of depression is based on the understanding that depression can significantly impair a person's ability to cope with emotional pain, leading some individuals to see suicide as a way to escape their suffering. Those who are depressed may experience overwhelming feelings of hopelessness and despair, which can culminate in suicidal thoughts or actions. This risk is heightened in individuals with severe depression or those with a history of suicidal behavior.

While social withdrawal, substance use, and sleep disturbances are indeed associated with depression and can contribute to the condition's severity, they are generally considered more as symptoms or secondary effects rather than direct complications. The direct link between depression and suicidal ideation underscores the critical need for early identification and intervention in depressive disorders to mitigate this severe risk. Addressing depression effectively can reduce the likelihood of suicide, making it essential for healthcare providers to monitor patients closely for any signs of suicidal thoughts or behaviors during treatment.